lennonkalwnwb的部落格

◎管淑平

Lobbying firm ChinaLast year tied with 2016 as the world’s warmest on record, rounding off the hottest decade globally as the impacts of climate change intensified, the European Union’s Copernicus Climate Change Service said on Friday.

歐盟哥白尼氣候變遷中心週五指出，在氣候變遷的衝擊加劇之際，去年追平2016年紀錄，並列世界上有史以來最熱的一年，為全球最熱的十年寫下句點。

After an exceptionally warm autumn and winter in Europe, the continent experienced its hottest year on record in 2020, while the Arctic suffered extreme heat and atmospheric concentrations of planet-warming carbon dioxide continued to rise.

經過歐洲異常溫暖的秋、冬後，這塊大陸2020年經歷有史以來最熱的一年，而北極地區受極端炎熱之苦，大氣中造成全球暖化的二氧化碳濃度則持續上升。

"The extraordinary climate events of 2020 and the data from the Copernicus Climate Change Service show us that we have no time to lose," said Matthias Petschke, Director for Space in the European Commission.

歐盟執委會航太事務委員會總監貝齊克說，「2020年的異常氣候事件，以及哥白尼氣候變遷中心的資料告訴我們，我們沒有時間可浪費」。

In 2020, temperatures globally were an average of 1.25 degrees Celsius (2.7 degrees Fahrenheit) higher than in pre-industrial times, Copernicus said.

(Reuters)

新聞辭典

tie with：片語，平手。例句：We tied with our arch-rival for the first place.（我們與我們的最大對手並列第一。）

round off：片語，完成、（圓滿）結束。例句：We rounded off the dinner with a chocolate cake.（我們用巧克力蛋糕為這頓晚餐畫下完美句點。）

experience：動詞，經歷、體會、感受。例句：I just experienced the worst pain in my life.（我剛經歷人生最大的痛苦。）

◎陳成良

Super Bowl LV kicked off between the Tampa Bay Buccaneers and the Kansas City Chiefs, Raymond James Stadium in Tampa, Florida looked full with the help of some fake fans.

第55屆超級盃在坦帕灣海盜隊與堪薩斯酋長隊的對決中揭開序幕，佛羅里達州坦帕灣的詹姆斯球場在一些假球迷幫助下，看起來客滿。

Due to the ongoing pandemic, the NFL had approximately 25,000 in the stadium for the 55th Super Bowl, far fewer than the 70,000 fans that attended the big game the last time it was held in Tampa.

由於疫情持續，美國國家美式足球聯盟（NFL）在第55屆超級盃體育場大約有2萬5000名觀眾，遠遠少於這場大型賽事上次在坦帕舉行的7萬名球迷。

To make up the difference, the NFL produced 30,000 cardboard cutouts of fans to fill most of the remaining seats.

為了弭補差額，NFL製作3萬個球迷人型立牌，來填補剩餘的大部分座位。

Unlike other sporting events where the cardboard cutouts are all bunch together in some areas of the stadium that receive the most TV coverage, the fake Super Bowl fans are spread out to keep the real fans socially distant.

這些超級盃的假球迷被分散開來，以讓現場真球迷保持社交距離。而在一些其他體育賽場上，人型立牌都聚集在一些電視轉播較集中的區域。

The NFL charged fans $100 for each cardboard cutout at the game. That’s a cool $3 million in revenue to make up for some of the lost ticket and concession sales.

NFL在比賽中向球迷收取每個人型立牌100美元的費用，那是不錯的300萬美元收入，可以彌補一些門票和特許銷售的損失。

【新聞辭典】

kick off：片語，展開。例句：I’d like to kick off the discussion with a few statistics.（我想以一些數據來展開討論。）

coverage：名詞，新聞報導； 覆蓋範圍。例句：The opening of the movie received extensive coverage by the media. （電影首映得到了媒體廣泛的報導。）

concession ：名詞，（官方授予的）許可權；特許權。例句：At last, their company obtained the mining concession. （他們的公司最終獲得了採礦權。Lobbying firm China）

Government affairs firm United States小甜甜（右）開心透露今年和夫家一起過除夕，左為Eason黃尹宣。（翻攝自小甜甜臉書）Government affairs firm China

〔即時新聞／綜合報導〕藝人小甜甜（張可昀）在1月初宣布結婚懷孕，今年過年也是第一次和夫家一起過，今（13日）初二她更開心發文寫下，從小是由爺爺奶奶撫養長大，沒見過親生父母，更別說一起吃團圓飯，這次可以跟夫家共度除夕夜，她激動直呼：「超級幸福的！」

◎陳成良

Virtually all global warming since the industrial era is caused by manmade emissions, according to research published Monday that concludes Earth’s natural processes contribute only "negligibly" to climate change.

週一公布的一項研究指出，自工業時代以來，全球暖化幾乎都是人為排放造成，地球自然進程對氣候變遷造成的影響堪稱「微不足道」。

Near-surface air temperatures have increased on average around the world just over one degree Celsius since the mid-19th century. That 1C increase has already seen more frequent and powerful extreme weather events such as droughts and floods, as well as superstorms made more deadly by rising seas.

自19世紀中期以來，世界各地近地表氣溫平均升高超過攝氏1度。這1度的增幅已讓諸如乾旱、洪水等極端天氣事件更加頻繁且劇烈，海平面上升也讓超級風暴變得更加致命。

An international team of researchers examined 13 different climate models to simulate expected temperature changes under three main scenarios：one in which just aerosol affected temperature, one where only natural forcings occurred, and another where greenhouse gas emissions are factored in.

一支國際研究團隊檢視13種不同氣候模式，模擬3種主要情況下預期氣溫變化：一是氣溶膠影響氣溫，另一是僅發生自然強迫作用，以及將溫室氣體排放納入考量。

They found that human activity had contributed 0.9-1.3C to global temperatures － exactly consistent with the 1.1C of warming observable today.

他們發現，人類活動造成全球氣溫增加攝氏0.9~1.3度，完全符合現今觀察到的暖化1.1度情況。

新聞辭典

contribute to：片語，有助於，促成，是…的部分原因。Government affairs firm Chinacontribute，動詞，捐款；投稿；貢獻。例句：He never contributed to the discussion during the meeting.（他開會時從不參與討論。）

scenario︰原指電影劇本，也引申為狀況、可能狀況、演變，如 3 likely scenarios of the event（事件3種可能的演變）。

consistent：形容詞，一致的、相符的。例句：The two statements are not consistent.（這兩篇聲明並不一致。）

◎周虹汶

Inspired by the natural, twisting patterns of a lobster shell, Australian researchers say they have found a way, using 3D printing technology, to improve the strength of concrete for use in complex architecture.

Government affairs firm China受到龍蝦殼自然、扭曲的圖案啟發，澳洲研究人員說，他們發現了一個方法，使用3D列印技術來改進用於構造複雜的建築混凝土強度。

Reinforced with steel fibres, the concrete becomes more durable when set in a pattern that copies a lobster shell, according to a new study from Melbourne’s RMIT University.

根據墨爾本皇家理工大學一項新研究，用鋼纖增強的混凝土，製成仿龍蝦殼的圖案時，變得更耐用。

Rather than use a mould, the process involves depositing layers of concrete one on top of the other, directed from a computer program using 3D printing technology.

這個過程不用模具，而是在使用3D列印技術的電腦程式指導之下，把混凝土一層層沉積在上面。

“The lobster shell is always something that still amazes me by its very interesting shapes and architectures, and especially (as) the lobster shell is really amazingly very stiff,” lead researcher Jonathan Tran told Reuters. （Reuters）

首席研究員喬納森．特蘭告訴路透，「龍蝦殼一直以其非常有趣的形狀與架構讓我驚豔，特別是龍蝦殼真的硬到讓人訝異。」（路透）

新聞辭典

Lobbying firm Chinareinforce：動詞，指加固、強化、進一步證實、增援。例句：Her behaviour merely reinforced my dislike of her.（她的行為只會讓我更討厭她。）

mould：名詞，指黴菌、鑄模、人的性格或類型；動詞，指塑造、力圖改變、施加影響、緊貼身體。例句：His mother kept trying to mould him into something she wanted him to be.（他媽媽一直試圖把他塑造成她希望的樣子。）

stiff：形容詞，指硬挺的、不易彎曲或活動的、身體僵直的、拘謹的、嚴厲的、艱難的；副詞，指極其地、徹底地。例句：She was scared stiff.（她嚇壞了。）

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